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IOVI TVTARORI


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IOVI TVTARORI -This word Tutator, which is derived from tutari, to defend or keep safe, Banduri observes: Minus Latinum esse plerique volunt: certain it is that except on the coins of Diocletian and Val. Maximian, it is not easily found. Besides which we find him named in coins of Commodus DEFENSOR SALVTIS AVG and SPONSOR SECVRITATIS AVGSTI.

Amongst the Consular coins, on which the figure or the head of Jupiter is often seen, there is one which has for its type the temple of Jupiter Feretrius (Jovis Feretrius), in which stands a triumphant warrior, who bears the spoila opima. This figure may be found in Morell on the coins of the Claudia1 family, in which Marcellus is represented in the act of carrying into the temple the spoils which he just captured from the slain king of the Gauls, Viridomarus

Jupiter Ammon, with the horns of a ram on his head, is seen on coins of the Cornificia, Pinaria, and Papia families, and on medals of Augustus, Mark Antony, Trajan, and Marcus Aurelius.

Jupiter Serapis, the Jove of the Egyptians, with the modius on his head, appears on a medallion of Antoninus Pius, surrounded by Zodiacal signs, struck at Alexandria.

Note 1: Families did not mint coins directly. As officials of the government, the ruling "family" caused coins to be mnted as official issues. Early numismatists dwelt heavily on gens and familia as reflected in their research and writings.

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